*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important PrEP is a highly effective medication taken to prevent HIV. PrEP consists of the use of antiretroviral drugs to lower the chance of HIV infection when taken by individuals at risk of acquiring (18, 19). PrEP reduces the risk of contracting HIV from …
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*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are rising globally: more than one million new infections of syphilis (caused by bacteria Treponema pallidum), gonorrhea (bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae), chlamydia (bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis), and trichomoniasis (protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis) occur each day worldwide (29). In Canada (1) and the …
*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Transmission of HIV from mother to infant can occur during pregnancy, birth, or through breastfeeding (27), with maternal viral load being the strongest predictor of perinatal transmission (28). To breastfeed or not to breastfeed is a complex decision for some mothers living with …
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*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Substance use refers to the consumption of controlled and illegal drugs, cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol for various reasons (e.g., medical purposes, religious or ceremonial purposes, personal enjoyment, stress/trauma/pain management) (33). The substance use spectrum, as defined by the Government of Canada, is comprised …
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*+-What health risks and health outcomes are associated with methamphetamine use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men? What interventions have proven effective at preventing or reducing the amount and frequency of methamphetamine use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men?
*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Supervised drug consumption sites or services (SCS) refer to spaces where individuals can use pre-obtained illicit substances in the presence of trained health professionals (19, 20). A model of care based on harm reduction, SCS are an evidence-based intervention (21–24) aiming to reduce …
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*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important HIV post-exposure prophylaxis, also known as PEP, is a way to prevent HIV in an HIV-negative person who may have been recently exposed to the virus (25). From a clinical viewpoint, PEP management involves addressing five key questions (26): According to the 2017 …
*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Women at risk of HIV are confronted with multiple barriers throughout the HIV care continuum, including (but not limited to) stigma, discrimination, and oppression around their HIV status (24, 27, 28, 41, 43, 44). In Ontario, the following groups of women are disproportionately …
*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Since 2016, opioid-related deaths have been rapidly rising in Canada (7). In 2021, the Public Health Agency of Canada reported 20.9 opioid-related deaths per 100,000 individuals (n=8,006), rising from 7.8 opioid-related deaths per 100,000 individuals (n=2,830) in 2016 (7). At the time of …
*+-Download pdf Questions Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important In Canada, bacterial STIs are a significant public health concern as incidence rates have risen markedly since 2010 (21). Between 2010 and 2019, the number of reported cases of chlamydia, syphilis, and gonorrhea all increased, by 33.1%, 393.1%, and 181.7%, respectively (21). One …
