Rapid Responses

Social and structural determinants of health influencing HIV risk and participation across the HIV care cascade

-Social determinants of health, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Since the onset of the HIV epidemic, Ontario has acknowledged that certain populations—defined by demographic characteristics (including country of birth and race/ethnicity), behaviour or social/systemic factors—have been disproportionately affected by HIV (21). To decrease transmission and improve health outcomes, Ontario’s HIV response has …

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Delivery models of pharmacy-led HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

-HIV prevention, -Men who have sex with men, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses, Uncategorized / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important PrEP is a highly effective medication taken to prevent HIV. PrEP consists of the use of antiretroviral drugs to lower the chance of HIV infection when taken by individuals at risk of acquiring (18, 19). PrEP reduces the risk of contracting HIV from …

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doxycycline pills

Doxycycline prophylaxis for the prevention of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs): doxyPrEP and doxyPEP

-Coinfections and comorbidities, -HIV prevention, -Men who have sex with men, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are rising globally: more than one million new infections of syphilis (caused by bacteria Treponema pallidum), gonorrhea (bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae), chlamydia (bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis), and trichomoniasis (protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis) occur each day worldwide (29). In Canada (1) and the …

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Mother holding hand of newborn child

Challenges of the postpartum period in women living with HIV

-African, Caribbean, and Black communities, -Epidemiology and HIV care cascade, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Transmission of HIV from mother to infant can occur during pregnancy, birth, or through breastfeeding (27), with maternal viral load being the strongest predictor of perinatal transmission (28). To breastfeed or not to breastfeed is a complex decision for some mothers living with …

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Woman sitting on bench with needle in her hand

HIV prevention interventions for women who use substances

-African, Caribbean, and Black communities, -People who use drugs, -Women at risk, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Substance use refers to the consumption of controlled and illegal drugs, cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol for various reasons (e.g., medical purposes, religious or ceremonial purposes, personal enjoyment, stress/trauma/pain management) (33). The substance use spectrum, as defined by the Government of Canada, is comprised …

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Health outcomes of and interventions to reduce methamphetamine use among men who have sex with men

-Men who have sex with men, -Mental health or substance use, -People who use drugs, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*What health risks and health outcomes are associated with methamphetamine use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men? What interventions have proven effective at preventing or reducing the amount and frequency of methamphetamine use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men?

Illustration of three supervised consumption booths

The impact of supervised drug consumption services (SCS)

-HIV prevention, -Mental health or substance use, -Organization of care, -People who use drugs, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Supervised drug consumption sites or services (SCS) refer to spaces where individuals can use pre-obtained illicit substances in the presence of trained health professionals (19, 20). A model of care based on harm reduction, SCS are an evidence-based intervention (21–24) aiming to reduce …

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Effectiveness, uptake and delivery of non-occupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

-HIV prevention, -Men who have sex with men, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important HIV post-exposure prophylaxis, also known as PEP, is a way to prevent HIV in an HIV-negative person who may have been recently exposed to the virus (25). From a clinical viewpoint, PEP management involves addressing five key questions (26): According to the 2017 …

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An alarm clock with pills beside it

Awareness, accessibility and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among cisgender and transgender women at risk of HIV infection

-HIV prevention, -Women at risk, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Women at risk of HIV are confronted with multiple barriers throughout the HIV care continuum, including (but not limited to) stigma, discrimination, and oppression around their HIV status (24, 27, 28, 41, 43, 44). In Ontario, the following groups of women are disproportionately …

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Comparing the effectiveness and adverse events of intranasal and intramuscular naloxone formulations for opioid overdose reversal

-Mental health or substance use, -People who use drugs, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions  Key take-home messages The issue and why it’s important Since 2016, opioid-related deaths have been rapidly rising in Canada (7). In 2021, the Public Health Agency of Canada reported 20.9 opioid-related deaths per 100,000 individuals (n=8,006), rising from 7.8 opioid-related deaths per 100,000 individuals (n=2,830) in 2016 (7). At the time of …

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