-Organization of care

Service provision, health systems, interventions

Microscopic image of a virus

Low-level HIV viremia: Definitions, predictors, mechanisms, and clinical outcomes

-Epidemiology and HIV care cascade, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What are the factors associated with low-level HIV viremia? What are its possible mechanisms and clinical outcomes?  Key take-home messages The definitions of optimal viral suppression, low-level viremia, blips, virologic failure, and recommended management approaches to low-level viremia vary greatly across studies and clinical guidelines. There is controversy regarding the clinical implications …

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A requisition for an HIV test which resulted in negative and a bottle for 30 day of PrEP

Best practices of same-day HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation

-HIV prevention, -HIV testing, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What are the best practices (including successes and challenges) of same-day HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation after a negative HIV test result? Key take-home messages Several clinics have implemented same-day PrEP programs and have reported that clinics offering this model of care, in general, have positive health outcomes (1–5). Studies also report …

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Immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after HIV diagnosis

-Epidemiology and HIV care cascade, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What are the best practices (including successes and challenges) of immediate initiation of ART after HIV testing and diagnosis? Key take-home messages The benefits of beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART) soon after HIV diagnosis include improved health outcomes across a wide variety of settings (1–5) as well as decreased long term  healthcare costs …

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Incentive Program is written on a sticky note beside an eraser and two pencils

Effectiveness of and best practices for using contingency management and incentives for health care issues related to HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

-Coinfections and comorbidities, -HIV prevention, -HIV testing, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Question What is the effectiveness of and what are the best practices for using contingency management and incentives for health care issues such as HIV, STIs, and PrEP?  Key take-home messages Using contingency management and incentives at the different steps of HIV care continuum (such as testing, treatment adherence, viral suppressions) is widely …

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A syringe and pills beside a tag labelled 'Hepatitis C'

Effectiveness of and best practices for using contingency management and incentives in hepatitis C infection among people who use drugs

-Coinfections and comorbidities, -Organization of care, -People who use drugs, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What is the effectiveness of and what are the best practices for using contingency management and incentives to support linkage to care and treatment for hepatitis C infection among people who use drugs?  Key take-home messages Recent studies in Canada have indicated that hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment uptake among individuals who …

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Impact of universal coverage for antiretroviral therapy (ART) on health outcomes

-Epidemiology and HIV care cascade, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Question What are the benefits of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage on individual and population level health outcomes?  Key take-home messages As of 2017, the annual cost of single-tablet antiretrovirals (ART) in Ontario was estimated to be CAD 15,552 according to the Ontario Drug Benefit Formulary (1, 2). Universal, no-cost ART for all …

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Pill bottles representing the seven classes of antiretroviral drugs

Impact of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on population-level health outcomes

-Epidemiology and HIV care cascade, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What is the impact of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on population-level health outcomes?  Key take-home messages Several studies analyze overall healthcare costs, pharmacy costs, and cost savings among people living with HIV relative to level of ART adherence (1–5). Generally, adherence to ART appears to predict levels of healthcare utilization, with …

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Person using syringe on yellow substance

A review of structural, process, and outcome measures for supervised consumption services

-Organization of care, -People who use drugs, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What structural, process, and outcome measures are used to monitor and evaluate the impact of supervised consumption services (SCS)?  Key take-home messages A 2019 systematic review identified several types of outcomes from scientific literature that guide assessment of SCS, including: usage by high-risk individuals, safe injection practice, overdose management, uptake of treatment …

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Laboratory (non-rapid) HIV testing in the emergency department: Methods, outcomes, and effectiveness

-HIV testing, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What does the literature state regarding the methodology, outcome measures, and effectiveness of interventions that provide blood-based laboratory (non-rapid) HIV testing in emergency departments?  Key take-home messages There is a large body of evidence examining best practices, outcomes, impact, and other aspects of laboratory (non-rapid) HIV testing in emergency departments (EDs). Many …

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Person holding smartphone

Best practices of using online and geosocial network applications to provide HIV and sexual health information to young newcomer men who have sex with men

-HIV prevention, -HIV testing, -Men who have sex with men, -Organization of care, News, Rapid Responses / By

-+*Download pdf Questions What are examples of online interventions providing HIV and sexual health information to young newcomer men who have sex with men originating from the top countries of citizenship among international students in Canada (such as China, India, Vietnam, South Korea, Mexico, Brazil and Nigeria)?  Key take-home messages There is a high HIV …

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