Rapid Responses

Rapid Response Service

Intersectionality in HIV and other health-related research

-+*Download pdf Questions What is the current knowledge/evidence on intersectionality in HIV and other health-related research?  Key take-home messages Human experiences cannot be reduced to singular characteristics as these characteristics interact with others to produce health outcomes. Using social categories, such as class, race, gender, sexual orientation, in HIV and health research risks obfuscating the …

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The effects of viral load and antiretroviral medications on sexual transmission of HIV

-+*Download pdf Questions Is there a difference between viral loads in blood plasma vs. genital fluids? If so, what factors contribute to this difference? When viral load is higher in genital fluids than blood plasma, how likely is this to result in HIV transmission? How are viral load measurements affected by Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy …

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Disclosure of HIV-positive status: Towards the development of guidelines, strategies and interventions (Updated 2014)

-+*Download pdf Questions What are the facilitators and barriers to people disclosing their HIV status? What are the impacts, consequences and outcomes of disclosing? What are effective strategies for disclosing? What are effective interventions to guide disclosure?  Key take-home messages HIV disclosure is a lifelong process. Reasons for disclosing/not disclosing change constantly. Many individuals have …

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Rapid Response Service

Complementary, alternative and traditional medicine in HIV care

-+*Download pdf Questions This Rapid Response investigates the evidence regarding the use of complementary, alternative and/or traditional medicine among people living with HIV. It also touches on its use by African, Caribbean and Black populations in Canada for treating HIV. The specific questions addressed include: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of complementary, alternative …

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The willingness of PHAs living in high-income settings to negotiate condom use and use condoms during sex

-+*Download pdf Questions In high-income settings, what factors are associated with the willingness/ability of people living with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) to negotiate condom use, and to use condoms during sex?  Key take-home messages There is a controversial belief held by PHAs about the efficacy of HAART to reduce or prevent HIV transmission and/or an understanding of …

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Rapid Response Service

Public perception of harm reduction interventions

-+*Download pdf Questions This rapid response summarizes the available research evidence to inform the following two questions: What are public perceptions and opinions of needle exchange programs, methadone clinics, supervised injection facilities/safe injection sites and other harm reduction interventions? How can negative public perceptions of these interventions be addressed?  Key take-home messages Public opinion polls …

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Approaches for front-line organizations to implement evidence-based interventions

-+*Download pdf Questions Are there guidelines that exist to support integration of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) into HIV service delivery?  Key take-home messages Helping community-based organizations (CBOs) find and use research evidence for the development of programs, services and advocacy is only part of the process of supporting evidence-informed front-line programs and services as there is …

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Demographic characteristics associated with access to HAART, HIV care and HIV viral load testing

-+*Download pdf Questions In Canada, is access to HAART/ARV therapy associated with demographic characteristics of PHAs? In Canada, is access to HIV viral load testing, or HIV medical care in keeping with established guidelines and standards, associated with demographic characteristics of PHAs?  Key take-home messages In many Canadian studies, issues related to access to HAART …

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HIV risks associated with tattooing, piercing, scarification and acupuncture

-+*Download pdf Questions What are HIV risks associated with tattooing, piercing, scarification and acupuncture?  Key take-home messages There is strong evidence supporting the risk of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and/or syphilis transmission through unsafe tattooing practices (1-3) though the evidence is less clear when it comes to HIV transmission.(3-6) The prevalence of blood-borne diseases and …

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Rapid HIV testing in correctional facilities

-+*Download pdf Questions What is the potential need for rapid HIV testing in correctional facilities? What type of testing (opt-in, opt-out, voluntary, mandated, standard, rapid) does the literature suggest? What are the benefits of rapid HIV testing in these settings?  Key take-home messages HIV rates are particularly high in correctional settings. In the U.S., HIV …

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